Laws Governing Industrial Employment and Industrial Relations
🏢 Laws Governing Industrial Employment and Industrial Relations (Based on Industrial Relations Act, Trade Unions Act, and Wage Commission Regulations – Pakistan) 7.1 Trade Unions and Freedom of Associations Definition: A trade union is an organized association of workers formed to protect and promote their rights through collective bargaining. Freedom of Association: Every worker has the right to: Form or join a trade union Participate in its lawful activities Not be discriminated against for union involvement Example: Workers at a textile factory form a union to demand fair wages. Business Advantage: Encourages structured negotiation Reduces risk of spontaneous strikes 7.2 Application for Registration and Requirements Requirements: At least 10% or 100 workers (whichever is less) Constitution with clear rules Name, address, and list of members Registration fee Example: A factory union submits applicatio...